java.net
class DatagramSocket

java.lang.Object java.net.DatagramSocket

Direct Known Subclasses:

MulticastSocket

Most common ways to construct:

int myServerPort = …;

DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(myServerPort);

Based on 92 examples

 

DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();

Based on 74 examples

public class DatagramSocket
extends Object

This class represents a socket for sending and receiving datagram packets.

A datagram socket is the sending or receiving point for a packet delivery service. Each packet sent or received on a datagram socket is individually addressed and routed. Multiple packets sent from one machine to another may be routed differently, and may arrive in any order.

UDP broadcasts sends are always enabled on a DatagramSocket. In order to receive broadcast packets a DatagramSocket should be bound to the wildcard address. In some implementations, broadcast packets may also be received when a DatagramSocket is bound to a more specific address.

Example: DatagramSocket s = new DatagramSocket(null); s.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888)); Which is equivalent to: DatagramSocket s = new DatagramSocket(8888); Both cases will create a DatagramSocket able to receive broadcasts on UDP port 8888.

See Also (auto-generated):

InetAddress

DatagramPacket

Thread

DatagramSocket

public DatagramSocket()
               throws SocketException

Constructs a datagram socket and binds it to any available port on the local host machine. The socket will be bound to the wildcard address, an IP address chosen by the kernel.

If there is a security manager, its checkListen method is first called with 0 as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Throws:

SocketException - if the socket could not be opened, or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.

DatagramSocket

protected DatagramSocket(DatagramSocketImpl impl)

Creates an unbound datagram socket with the specified DatagramSocketImpl.

Parameters:

impl - an instance of a DatagramSocketImpl the subclass wishes to use on the DatagramSocket.

DatagramSocket

public DatagramSocket(int port)
               throws SocketException

Constructs a datagram socket and binds it to the specified port on the local host machine. The socket will be bound to the wildcard address, an IP address chosen by the kernel.

If there is a security manager, its checkListen method is first called with the port argument as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Parameters:

port - port to use.

Throws:

SocketException - if the socket could not be opened, or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.

DatagramSocket

public DatagramSocket(int port,
                      InetAddress laddr)
               throws SocketException

Creates a datagram socket, bound to the specified local address. The local port must be between 0 and 65535 inclusive. If the IP address is 0.0.0.0, the socket will be bound to the wildcard address, an IP address chosen by the kernel.

If there is a security manager, its checkListen method is first called with the port argument as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Parameters:

port - local port to use

laddr - local address to bind

Throws:

SocketException - if the socket could not be opened, or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.

DatagramSocket

public DatagramSocket(SocketAddress bindaddr)
               throws SocketException

Creates a datagram socket, bound to the specified local socket address.

If, if the address is null, creates an unbound socket.

If there is a security manager, its checkListen method is first called with the port from the socket address as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Parameters:

bindaddr - local socket address to bind, or null for an unbound socket.

Throws:

SocketException - if the socket could not be opened, or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.

bind

public synchronized void bind(SocketAddress addr)
                       throws SocketException

Binds this DatagramSocket to a specific address & port.

If the address is null, then the system will pick up an ephemeral port and a valid local address to bind the socket.

Parameters:

addr - The address & port to bind to.

Throws:

SocketException - if any error happens during the bind, or if the socket is already bound.

close

public void close()

Closes this datagram socket.

Any thread currently blocked in {@link #receive} upon this socket will throw a {@link SocketException}.

If this socket has an associated channel then the channel is closed as well.

connect

public void connect(InetAddress address,
                    int port)

Connects the socket to a remote address for this socket. When a socket is connected to a remote address, packets may only be sent to or received from that address. By default a datagram socket is not connected.

If the remote destination to which the socket is connected does not exist, or is otherwise unreachable, and if an ICMP destination unreachable packet has been received for that address, then a subsequent call to send or receive may throw a PortUnreachableException. Note, there is no guarantee that the exception will be thrown.

A caller's permission to send and receive datagrams to a given host and port are checked at connect time. When a socket is connected, receive and send will not perform any security checks on incoming and outgoing packets, other than matching the packet's and the socket's address and port. On a send operation, if the packet's address is set and the packet's address and the socket's address do not match, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown. A socket connected to a multicast address may only be used to send packets.

Parameters:

address - the remote address for the socket

port - the remote port for the socket.

connect

public void connect(SocketAddress addr)
             throws SocketException

Connects this socket to a remote socket address (IP address + port number).

Parameters:

addr - The remote address.

Throws:

SocketException - if the connect fails

disconnect

public void disconnect()

Disconnects the socket. This does nothing if the socket is not connected.

getBroadcast

public synchronized boolean getBroadcast()
                                  throws SocketException

Tests if SO_BROADCAST is enabled.

Returns:

a boolean indicating whether or not SO_BROADCAST is enabled.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

getChannel

public DatagramChannel getChannel()

Returns the unique {@link java.nio.channels.DatagramChannel} object associated with this datagram socket, if any.

A datagram socket will have a channel if, and only if, the channel itself was created via the {@link java.nio.channels.DatagramChannel#open DatagramChannel.open} method.

Returns:

the datagram channel associated with this datagram socket, or null if this socket was not created for a channel

getInetAddress

public InetAddress getInetAddress()

Returns the address to which this socket is connected. Returns null if the socket is not connected.

Returns:

the address to which this socket is connected.

getLocalAddress

public InetAddress getLocalAddress()

Gets the local address to which the socket is bound.

If there is a security manager, its checkConnect method is first called with the host address and -1 as its arguments to see if the operation is allowed.

Returns:

the local address to which the socket is bound, or an InetAddress representing any local address if either the socket is not bound, or the security manager checkConnect method does not allow the operation

getLocalPort

public int getLocalPort()

Returns the port number on the local host to which this socket is bound.

Returns:

the port number on the local host to which this socket is bound.

getLocalSocketAddress

public SocketAddress getLocalSocketAddress()

Returns the address of the endpoint this socket is bound to, or null if it is not bound yet.

Returns:

a SocketAddress representing the local endpoint of this socket, or null if it is not bound yet.

getPort

public int getPort()

Returns the port for this socket. Returns -1 if the socket is not connected.

Returns:

the port to which this socket is connected.

getReceiveBufferSize

public synchronized int getReceiveBufferSize()
                                      throws SocketException

Get value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this DatagramSocket, that is the buffer size used by the platform for input on this DatagramSocket.

Returns:

the value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this DatagramSocket

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

getRemoteSocketAddress

public SocketAddress getRemoteSocketAddress()

Returns the address of the endpoint this socket is connected to, or null if it is unconnected.

Returns:

a SocketAddress representing the remote endpoint of this socket, or null if it is not connected yet.

getReuseAddress

public synchronized boolean getReuseAddress()
                                     throws SocketException

Tests if SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.

Returns:

a boolean indicating whether or not SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

getSendBufferSize

public synchronized int getSendBufferSize()
                                   throws SocketException

Get value of the SO_SNDBUF option for this DatagramSocket, that is the buffer size used by the platform for output on this DatagramSocket.

Returns:

the value of the SO_SNDBUF option for this DatagramSocket

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

getSoTimeout

public synchronized int getSoTimeout()
                              throws SocketException

Retrieve setting for SO_TIMEOUT. 0 returns implies that the option is disabled (i.e., timeout of infinity).

Returns:

the setting for SO_TIMEOUT

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

getTrafficClass

public synchronized int getTrafficClass()
                                 throws SocketException

Gets traffic class or type-of-service in the IP datagram header for packets sent from this DatagramSocket.

As the underlying network implementation may ignore the traffic class or type-of-service set using {@link #setTrafficClass(int)} this method may return a different value than was previously set using the {@link #setTrafficClass(int)} method on this DatagramSocket.

Returns:

the traffic class or type-of-service already set

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error obtaining the traffic class or type-of-service value.

isBound

public boolean isBound()

Returns the binding state of the socket.

Returns:

true if the socket succesfuly bound to an address

isClosed

public boolean isClosed()

Returns whether the socket is closed or not.

Returns:

true if the socket has been closed

isConnected

public boolean isConnected()

Returns the connection state of the socket.

Returns:

true if the socket succesfuly connected to a server

receive

public synchronized void receive(DatagramPacket p)
                          throws IOException

Receives a datagram packet from this socket. When this method returns, the DatagramPacket's buffer is filled with the data received. The datagram packet also contains the sender's IP address, and the port number on the sender's machine.

This method blocks until a datagram is received. The length field of the datagram packet object contains the length of the received message. If the message is longer than the packet's length, the message is truncated.

If there is a security manager, a packet cannot be received if the security manager's checkAccept method does not allow it.

Parameters:

p - the DatagramPacket into which to place the incoming data.

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs.

send

public void send(DatagramPacket p)
          throws IOException

Sends a datagram packet from this socket. The DatagramPacket includes information indicating the data to be sent, its length, the IP address of the remote host, and the port number on the remote host.

If there is a security manager, and the socket is not currently connected to a remote address, this method first performs some security checks. First, if p.getAddress().isMulticastAddress() is true, this method calls the security manager's checkMulticast method with p.getAddress() as its argument. If the evaluation of that expression is false, this method instead calls the security manager's checkConnect method with arguments p.getAddress().getHostAddress() and p.getPort(). Each call to a security manager method could result in a SecurityException if the operation is not allowed.

Parameters:

p - the DatagramPacket to be sent.

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs.

setBroadcast

public synchronized void setBroadcast(boolean on)
                               throws SocketException

Enable/disable SO_BROADCAST.

Parameters:

on - whether or not to have broadcast turned on.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

setDatagramSocketImplFactory

public static synchronized void setDatagramSocketImplFactory(DatagramSocketImplFactory fac)
                                                      throws IOException

Sets the datagram socket implementation factory for the application. The factory can be specified only once.

When an application creates a new datagram socket, the socket implementation factory's createDatagramSocketImpl method is called to create the actual datagram socket implementation.

Passing null to the method is a no-op unless the factory was already set.

If there is a security manager, this method first calls the security manager's checkSetFactory method to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Parameters:

fac - the desired factory.

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs when setting the datagram socket factory.

setReceiveBufferSize

public synchronized void setReceiveBufferSize(int size)
                                       throws SocketException

Sets the SO_RCVBUF option to the specified value for this DatagramSocket. The SO_RCVBUF option is used by the the network implementation as a hint to size the underlying network I/O buffers. The SO_RCVBUF setting may also be used by the network implementation to determine the maximum size of the packet that can be received on this socket.

Because SO_RCVBUF is a hint, applications that want to verify what size the buffers were set to should call {@link #getReceiveBufferSize()}.

Increasing SO_RCVBUF may allow the network implementation to buffer multiple packets when packets arrive faster than are being received using {@link #receive(DatagramPacket)}.

Note: It is implementation specific if a packet larger than SO_RCVBUF can be received.

Parameters:

size - the size to which to set the receive buffer size. This value must be greater than 0.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

setReuseAddress

public synchronized void setReuseAddress(boolean on)
                                  throws SocketException

Enable/disable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.

For UDP sockets it may be necessary to bind more than one socket to the same socket address. This is typically for the purpose of receiving multicast packets (See {@link java.net.MulticastSocket}). The SO_REUSEADDR socket option allows multiple sockets to be bound to the same socket address if the SO_REUSEADDR socket option is enabled prior to binding the socket using {@link #bind(SocketAddress)}.

Note: This functionality is not supported by all existing platforms, so it is implementation specific whether this option will be ignored or not. However, if it is not supported then {@link #getReuseAddress()} will always return false.

When a DatagramSocket is created the initial setting of SO_REUSEADDR is disabled.

The behaviour when SO_REUSEADDR is enabled or disabled after a socket is bound (See {@link #isBound()}) is not defined.

Parameters:

on - whether to enable or disable the

Throws:

SocketException - if an error occurs enabling or disabling the SO_RESUEADDR socket option, or the socket is closed.

setSendBufferSize

public synchronized void setSendBufferSize(int size)
                                    throws SocketException

Sets the SO_SNDBUF option to the specified value for this DatagramSocket. The SO_SNDBUF option is used by the network implementation as a hint to size the underlying network I/O buffers. The SO_SNDBUF setting may also be used by the network implementation to determine the maximum size of the packet that can be sent on this socket.

As SO_SNDBUF is a hint, applications that want to verify what size the buffer is should call {@link #getSendBufferSize()}.

Increasing the buffer size may allow multiple outgoing packets to be queued by the network implementation when the send rate is high.

Note: If {@link #send(DatagramPacket)} is used to send a DatagramPacket that is larger than the setting of SO_SNDBUF then it is implementation specific if the packet is sent or discarded.

Parameters:

size - the size to which to set the send buffer size. This value must be greater than 0.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

setSoTimeout

public synchronized void setSoTimeout(int timeout)
                               throws SocketException

Enable/disable SO_TIMEOUT with the specified timeout, in milliseconds. With this option set to a non-zero timeout, a call to receive() for this DatagramSocket will block for only this amount of time. If the timeout expires, a java.net.SocketTimeoutException is raised, though the DatagramSocket is still valid. The option must be enabled prior to entering the blocking operation to have effect. The timeout must be > 0. A timeout of zero is interpreted as an infinite timeout.

Parameters:

timeout - the specified timeout in milliseconds.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.

setTrafficClass

public synchronized void setTrafficClass(int tc)
                                  throws SocketException

Sets traffic class or type-of-service octet in the IP datagram header for datagrams sent from this DatagramSocket. As the underlying network implementation may ignore this value applications should consider it a hint.

The tc must be in the range 0 <= tc <= 255 or an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown.

Notes:

for Internet Protocol v4 the value consists of an octet with precedence and TOS fields as detailed in RFC 1349. The TOS field is bitset created by bitwise-or'ing values such the following :-

• IPTOS_LOWCOST (0x02)
• IPTOS_RELIABILITY (0x04)
• IPTOS_THROUGHPUT (0x08)
• IPTOS_LOWDELAY (0x10)

The last low order bit is always ignored as this corresponds to the MBZ (must be zero) bit.

Setting bits in the precedence field may result in a SocketException indicating that the operation is not permitted.

for Internet Protocol v6 tc is the value that would be placed into the sin6_flowinfo field of the IP header.

Parameters:

tc - an int value for the bitset.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error setting the traffic class or type-of-service